Advancements in Strain Development and Genetic Engineering for Cellulase Production: A Systematic Review
J. Environ. Nanotechnol., Volume 14, No 2 (June 2025) pp. 227-237
Abstract
Strains, defined as subtypes or genetic variants of microorganisms, are selectively developed at an industrial scale to enhance the production of cellulases and other metabolites. These strains, bacterial or fungal, are genetically engineered to improve traits such as rapid growth, genetic stability, productivity, and ease of cultivation. Genetic modifications are typically aimed at increasing or altering gene expression to maximize output. Cellulases are enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of cellulose into simpler sugars, enabling its conversion into biofuels and other value-added products. In particular, bacterial cellulose produced by Acetobacteraceae is recognized for its purity, biocompatibility, and natural origin, making it highly suitable for applications in material science. To further enhance cellulase yields, researchers identify and utilize strains capable of high productivity under low-nitrogen conditions. Recombinant DNA technology is employed to sequence genomes, introduce genetic constructs, and express target proteins in host cells. In fungal systems, advanced approaches such as the Reconstruction of Expression Regulatory Network (REXRN) have been applied to fine-tune gene expression and enhance the production of cellulase enzymes involved in cellulose degradation. Together, these strategies support the development of high-performance microbial strains for industrial biotechnology applications.
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Reference
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